Hallucinations

Dementia can affect how a person perceives the world. They can think that they have seen or heard something that isn't there, or simply believe something that isn't true. In early stages of Dementia people may realise that what they are experiencing is not real, but as the condition progresses, it will become harder for them to see the difference between what is real and what isn’t.

A hallucination is when a person feels, sees, smells or tastes something that isn't real, they can be as a result of changes in the brain or a result of medical conditions such as fatigue or nutrition. Medication can be prescribed to help the person cope with this, but it is still unclear about how effective it actually is.

Consult your doctor in order to understand why the person with Dementia is having hallucinations, and whether medication is needed. Although you may feel that you need to stop the behaviour when it occurs, you also need to consider if they are hurting or disturbing anyone. If they are not, then try letting them carry on and closely monitor them for any adverse effects or behaviour.

What You Can Do To Help

Do not try and simply correct someone who is having hallucinations. Wait until they realise that what they are experiencing is not real, then react appropriately. Be honest with them and try to help them regain their composure.

Try keeping a record of when the hallucinations occur, what they are about, and if possible, how the person was feeling immediately prior to it happening. This could indicate if there are any emotions, or situations that may trigger the onset of the hallucinations.

Some things you could try in order to help are:

• Don't argue with them (the person may be upset or frightened by the hallucination).

• Look into any suspicions they may have to see how accurate they are (even if they seem a bit far fetched).

• Distract them (use music, exercise, conversations, or activities to divert their attention).

• Try and respond (there may be some underlying cause which may come to light in what they tell you).

• Maintain a familiar environment (familiar items can reassure and make them feel safer).

• Increase lighting (maybe use a night light).

Coping

Don't take accusations personally and be aware that the person is not able to control their behaviour. Hallucinations can incite strong fear and can even lead to aggressive behaviour. The person is faced with a situation that they cannot control and may not understand. You may feel shocked and frustrated at first because you are unsure of what to do but just by providing reassurance and taking preventative measures, you can be sure that you are doing everything you can to help reduce the likelihood of it happening again.